Tutorials for Developers & Sysadmins

Step-by-step guides for the work we actually do — Laravel, PHP, WordPress, MySQL, Linux servers, and the occasional rabbit hole. Every command has been run on a real machine; nothing is theoretical.

Nginx subdirectory configuration with alias and PHP-FPM
Server Management

How to Configure Nginx for a Subdirectory

Configure Nginx to serve a subdirectory like example.com/api/ alongside WordPress — alias, try_files, nested PHP-FPM location, and the SCRIPT_FILENAME pitfall.

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how7o
Comment in a .gitignore file with the # character
Web Development

How to Comment in a .gitignore File

Comment in a .gitignore file by starting the line with #. The # must be the first character — inline…

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how7o
Check Ubuntu version — terminal and Settings
Server Management

How to Check Your Ubuntu Version

Check your Ubuntu version with lsb_release -a (clean), cat /etc/os-release (scriptable), cat /etc/issue, hostnamectl, or Settings → About on the…

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how7o
Check Linux OS name and version from the command line
Server Management

How to Check the Linux OS Name and Version from the Command Line

Check the Linux OS name and version from the command line — cat /etc/os-release (universal), lsb_release -a, hostnamectl, and uname…

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how7o
Check if an element is hidden or visible with jQuery
Web Development

How to Check if an Element Is Hidden or Visible with jQuery

Check if an element is hidden in jQuery with $(el).is(':hidden') or :visible. What they cover, what they miss (visibility/opacity), and…

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how7o
jQuery check if a checkbox is checked
Web Development

How to Check if a Checkbox Is Checked with jQuery

Check if a checkbox is checked with jQuery — .prop('checked') for boolean, .is(':checked') for readability, $('input:checked').length for any-checked.

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Check Bootstrap modal open or closed with jQuery
Web Development

How to Check if a Bootstrap Modal Is Open or Closed with jQuery

Check if a Bootstrap modal is open or closed with jQuery — $('#m').is(':visible') for snapshot, show.bs.modal/shown.bs.modal events for reactive code.

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how7o
JavaScript check HTTP referrer — document.referrer
Web Development

How to Check the HTTP Referrer with JavaScript

Check the HTTP referrer in JavaScript with document.referrer — match against social-media sources, and the reasons it's often empty in…

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how7o
Change SSH port on Linux — firewall, SELinux, sshd_config, systemctl restart
Server Management

How to Change the Default SSH Port on Linux

Change the default SSH port on Linux (AlmaLinux, Ubuntu, Debian) without locking yourself out — firewall, SELinux semanage, sshd_config, systemctl…

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how7o
DataTables default sort order — order: [[1, 'desc']] config
Web Development

How to Change the Default Sort Order in DataTables

Change the default sort order in DataTables with the `order: [[col, 'desc']]` option. Server-side request format and how to disable…

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how7o